by ICN5D » Tue Feb 25, 2014 1:59 am
Well, time + 3D is a good way to understand it. The flow of time is something we're all familiar with. We are all stuck in the now-moment slice moving along 4D. We can meet someone on the 11th floor on 21 street and 2nd avenue, but WHEN should we be there? We still have to think in 4 degrees of freedom, even though we can freely move around in 3. Our entire life is a bent and kinked time-worm with frayed ends, where we existed along the trunk. The frayed ends are the trajectories our atoms took to combine then disassemble.
However, the 4 and 5D stuff that this website is focused on are geometric solids, that do not use time for their extra dimensions. These are mathematically possible shapes, that require 4 or 5 degrees of freedom to exist. They don't extend into time with their 4D part, they extend into another 4th direction of space. Using time as 4D is a good way to get there, to nail down the concept. Once you understand where it is, and what it really means to us 3D-ers, then you can apply the same visual tricks. They translate over fairly well, which is where 5D comes in. 5D is only another even higher direction, that branches off of all 4, right-angled axes. Probably the best way I learned how to visualize 5D is with near-side, far-side projection. This is a universal tool for rotating shapes around, and viewing them from other angles.
Take the triangle prism, for example. This 3D shape has flat 2D panels joined together, encasing a central void of 3D space. They are two triangles and three squares. This means we can view the triangle prism from two unique perspectives. If we looked through one of its triangle-panels, we'll see another triangle at the far end. In between will be the three squares. Now, rotate around to a square-panel, and we will always see a line at the far side. Connecting these are two squares and two triangles.
Now take a cube pyramid. This 4D shape has "flat" 3D panels joined together encasing a central void of 4D volume. It has a flat cube and 6 flat sq-pyramids on the surface. We can view the cube pyramid from two unique vantage points. Looking through the near-side cube, we see a point at the far end, connected by 6 sq-pyramids. If we look through one of the square pyramid panels, we will see a line at the far side, laced by the cube and 5 remaining sq-pyr.
At last, we come to a cylconinder. This 5D container had three "flat" 4D panels, and a 2D pointy corner. It's actually very cone-like, with a largeish base tapering down to a smallish vertex on top. Viewing through the bottom, we see a duocylinder as the near-side. Scaling along 5D, it tapers down to a circle at the far-side. Lacing these are two torus-type shapes, as the 2 curved rolling sides. They are a cone torus ( innertube with 3D cone crosscut ), and a torinder ( innertube with 3D cylinder crosscut ). Both of these attach to the one circle at the top, making a pyramid-like structure extended along 5D.
I like playing with near-side far-side projections for shapes. The different angles help you feel the shape out, and put together how it's composed on the surface.
Here's some more, using Klitzing's near-side || far-side notation :
sq-pyramid : triangle || line , square || point
tetrahedron : line || ortho line
triangle prism : triangle || triangle , square || line
coninder : cylinder || line , cone || cone
cube-pyramid : sq-pyramid || line , cube || point
triangle-prism-pyramid: sq pyramid | line , triangle-prism || point
sq-pyr-prism : triangle prism || square , cube || line , sq-pyr || sq-pyr
dipyramid : tetrahedron || line , sq-pyr || point
cyltrianglinder - cylinder || circle
dicone - cone || circle
cylconinder : duocylinder || circle
tricone : dicone || circle
cyltetrahedrinder : cyltrianglinder || circle , cylinder || ortho cylinder
cylhemoctahedrinder : tesserinder || circle , cyltrianglinder || cylinder
cyltriandyinder : cubinder || cylinder
contrianglinder - cyltrianglinder || triangle , coninder || cone
cone diprism : cubinder || square
cyltrianglindrone - cylindrone || circle
--Philip
It is by will alone, I set my donuts in motion